A gene that helps the body convert that big plate of holiday cookies you just polished off into fat could provide a new target for potential treatments for fatty liver disease, diabetes and obesity.
Shown is an image of fatty liver tissue. The lipid has been stained red, and the liver cell nuclei are stained blue. Image courtesy of The Sul Lab. Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, are unlocking the molecular mechanisms of how our body converts dietary carbohydrates into fat, and as part of that research, they found that a gene with the catchy name BAF60c contributes to fatty liver, or steatosis. That's not all.
A recent analysis found that drinking sugar-sweetened beverages like soda was associated with an increased risk of death , particularly among people who drank at least two a day. To the contrary, it might actually help us shed a few pounds. That means that foods like buttery avocados, rich salmon, and savory nuts should probably have a place in your diet.
If you banned them during the low-fat dieting craze of the s, it's time to bring them back. Time and time again, studies that do this suggest that people who cut back on fats not only don't lose weight , they don't see other health benefits like a reduced risk of disease, either.
In contrast, people who eat lots of fats but curb their intake of refined carbs like sugary cereals, white bread, and white rice tend to see both of these gains.
In other words, the proof that sugar is linked with weight gain is in the pudding — quite literally. For a large recent review of studies published in the journal The Lancet , scientists compared more than , people in 18 countries on either low-fat or low-carb diets. People on the low-fat diets were more likely to die from any cause; they were also at a greater risk of death from heart attacks and heart disease. By contrast, people on the low-carb plans had significantly lower risk of both of these outcomes.
The finding was so strong, the authors of the paper concluded, that "global dietary guidelines should be reconsidered," they wrote.
During an eight-year trial involving almost 50, women , scientists put roughly half on a low-fat diet. According to a research paper featured in the journal Circulation in August , added sugar may raise heart disease risk in children even when consumed in lower doses than the maximum daily recommended amount.
Furthermore, this food ingredient may lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver inflammation and insulin resistance in people of all ages. Without a doubt, sugar is bad for your health — and your waistline. But what makes it so harmful? After all, it has just 4 calories per gram. The best way to understand the connection between sugar and weight gain is to learn about sugar metabolism.
After ingestion, this additive is converted to glucose and used for energy. Excess glucose is stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver. However, these organs have a limited capacity to store glycogen. If you eat more sugar than your liver and muscles can store as glycogen, the excess will be converted to fat and deposited into adipose tissue. This process is called lipogenesis. In other words, sugar turns into fat when consumed in large amounts.
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Am J Clin Nutr.
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