Until recently, both English and Spanish historians believed that the Armada was the time when Spain's fortunes changed and England became great. A summary of the Spanish Armada In the late 16th century, Spain was the most powerful empire in the known world. The plan Philip's plan was that an armada of ships would sail to the Netherlands, pick up 30, Spanish troops and invade England. However, an important reason why the English were able to defeat the Armada was that the wind blew the Spanish ships northwards.
To many English people this proved that God wanted them to win and there were pictures and medals made to celebrate this fact. Use this lesson to work with original documents which tell the story of England and the invasion of the Spanish Armada. As the war ended, Philip II of Spain wanted to stay on good terms with the new queen, Elizabeth I, and even suggested that they marry but Elizabeth politely refused. However, Elizabeth also wanted to stay friends with Spain because there was an alliance between Scotland and France — a situation which was very dangerous for her.
Until Elizabeth married and had children, the next in line for the throne was her relative, Mary Stuart, the Queen of Scotland. To make matters worse, Mary was going to marry the French prince, so it was possible that French and Scottish armies would invade England to make Mary queen. Luckily for Elizabeth, Philip did not want to see France becoming so powerful and he was willing to protect her, even though she made England Protestant again.
When Philip had to deal with a rebellion in the Netherlands, it was even more important to him to be on good terms with England because his ships had to sail along the English Channel.
However, England felt some sympathy with the people in the Netherlands because one of the reasons they were rebelling against Spain was that some of them wanted to be Protestant. On top of this, there was a lot of anger among English sailors and traders because Philip would not let other countries share in the wealth that had been found in the areas Spain controlled in Central and South America.
Also, two groups in France were fighting for control, which meant there was far less danger to England. By the s, the two countries were clearly enemies and Spain was supporting attempts to make England Catholic again. Plans for an invasion began in but had to be delayed when Francis Drake burned some ships and destroyed lots of water barrels. Students are introduced to a range of different original documents.
The first is an extract from a letter giving details of the progress of the Spanish Armada from Lord Howard of Effingham, the Admiral of the English fleet and a letter from John Hawkins, a sea captain and one of the earliest English people to be involved in the Transatlantic Slave trade and was later funded by Elizabeth I. He was knighted for his service in the fleet against the Spanish invasion.
Was this the first government health warning? On 23 July , four Spanish galleys sailed on a reconnaissance mission from southern Brittany and landed at Mousehole in Cornwall. The fishing village was burned and three men killed.
A small force of Cornish militia fled in blind panic at their first sight of the Spanish troops and Penzance was then bombarded, destroying houses and sinking three ships in its harbour. Newlyn was also burned. Fear of the imminent arrival of an English fleet forced the Spaniards to depart on 4 August — but not before a Catholic Mass was celebrated openly on English soil.
A larger force of 3, Spanish troops landed in Kinsale in south-west Ireland in to assist Irish rebels but were forced to surrender. Sign in. Back to Main menu Virtual events Masterclasses. Portrait of Sir Francis Drake. Drake was more interested in booty than fighting when meeting the Spanish Armada, says Robert Hutchinson. A fire on a United States Navy carrier stationed off the coast of Vietnam kills service members on July 29, The deadly fire on the USS Forrestal began with the accidental launch of a rocket.
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